The Power of the Beys in Ottoman Egypt
The Influence of the Egyptian Beys The twelve Beys of Egypt were among the most powerful men in the Ottoman […]
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Ottoman Inns Hospitality and Good Works
Charity Through Public Buildings One of the greatest charitable traditions in the Ottoman Empire was the construction of public buildings
The Annual Tribute of Moldavia
The following account of Moldavia’s tribute was reported by a man who had worked for many years as an agent
Age and Readiness for High Office
Before ending this chapter, it is important to note that no one was promoted from the Seraglio without special favor
The Danger and Glory of the Highest Office
The office of the Prime Vizier was not only the highest position of duty and trust in the empire, but
Order Restored Inside the Seraglio
Inside the Seraglio, everything was now brought into good order. After the morning prayers were finished, the Baltagees—a special guard
Land Ownership under the Grand Signior
The Supreme Owner of the Land All lands within the empire remain under the sole authority and gift of the
The Prince’s Support for an Art School
In 1887, the Bulgarian Prince held a conversation with the artist Ivan Angeloff, who had organized an exhibition of his
Rapid Growth of Savings Banks
The savings banks continued to grow quickly during the early years of the twentieth century. In 1905, the number of
Trade Relations with Germany and France
This article examines Bulgaria’s trade relations with Germany and France during three five-year periods: 1890–1894, 1895–1899, and 1900–1904. The focus