Weapons and Skills of the Ottoman Spahis
The Arms of the Ottoman Cavalry The Spahis, the elite cavalry of the Ottoman Empire, were famous for their skill […]
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The Ottoman Empire Change Expansion and Endurance
A Changing Empire Like many great empires in history, the Ottoman Empire changed over time. Early European writers often observed
The Former Tribute of Wallachia
In earlier times, the tribute paid by Wallachia to the Grand Signior (the Ottoman Sultan) was the same as that
Ambition to Rise Through Learning
Many students directed their studies toward mastering the art of writing, hoping to rise to honor and high office through
Honor and Humility in Ottoman Thought
Among the Turks, it was not considered shameful to move down from the highest positions of honor and command to
Princes and the Rule of Law
Authority Above Punishment, Not Above Order The saying “Et si legibus solutissimus, tamen legibus vivimus” means this: although princes are
The Crowd Restrained but Not Calmed
This action restrained the boldness of some who had been ready to lay violent hands upon the woman. Yet the
A Wide Range of Artistic Work
There is almost no form of painting that Ivan Markvichka did not attempt during his long career. He worked with
The Situation of Art in Bulgaria
The difficult situation of the fine arts in Bulgaria was clearly felt not only by the different Bulgarian governments, but
Overview of Bulgarian Ports
Bulgaria has a total of sixteen ports, which play an important role in the country’s foreign and domestic trade. Seven