The Rise and Decline of the Ottoman Spahis
An Elite Military Order For many centuries, the Spahis were among the most respected soldiers of the Ottoman Empire. They […]
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Corruption and Changes in the Ottoman Military System
The Importance of Military Honor The Ottoman military was once respected for its discipline, loyalty, and strong sense of honor.
The Tributaries of Georgia and Mingrelia
Georgia and Mingrelia were also among the lands that became tributaries to the Ottoman Empire. These regions were located between
The Silent Language of the Ottoman Court
One of the most unusual features of the Ottoman court was the use of mutes, whose language of signs was
The Sultan’s Table at the Vizier’s Expense
The Grand Signior often demands twenty dishes of meat, which is the usual amount served at his ordinary table. On
Flattery and Servile Behavior in the Seraglio
A Culture of Excessive Submission Within the walls of the Seraglio there appears a kind of planned and practiced baseness
Kara Chiaus and the Assault
During this time, Kara Chiaus, with 200 men, had retreated into his garden. He was soon attacked by an Aga
Christo Berberov Landscape Painter
Christo Berberov, who graduated from the Academy of Fine Arts in Turin, worked mainly under the influence of the Italian
The Beginning of Art Exhibitions in Bulgaria
The slow and sometimes difficult progress of artistic life in Bulgaria, as well as the gradual growth of artistic taste
Growth of Trade and the Need for Banking Reform
By 1883, trade in Bulgaria had begun to recover and grow. Economic activity increased, and more people needed banking services.