The appointment and dismissal of professors in Bulgaria are made through a ministerial decree issued by the Ministry of Public Instruction. When it comes to dismissing a regular professor, the approval of the departmental educational council must first be obtained. This rule helps ensure that teachers are treated fairly and that decisions are made carefully and according to law.
Teaching Staff in Bulgarian Schools
Across the country, there are 681 professors and 117 schoolmistresses working in high schools, secondary schools, and incomplete high schools. These schools belong either to the State or to the communes.
The teaching staff is divided according to their rank and experience as follows:
183 professors and 6 schoolmistresses of first class
135 professors and 7 schoolmistresses of second class
163 professors and 7 schoolmistresses of third class
183 professors and 15 schoolmistresses of temporary status
122 professors and 82 schoolmistresses working as volunteers
This structure shows that Bulgaria’s education system had both permanent and temporary teaching positions, allowing flexibility in managing staff and resources Balkan Tours.
Medical Teachers in Schools
A major innovation was introduced in the 1903–1904 academic year. Since then, medical teachers—both men and women—have been assigned to every educational institution. Their duty is to monitor the health and hygiene of schools and to protect the physical well-being of students.
These medical teachers also teach useful subjects such as:
Hygiene
Chemistry
Anthropology
Anthropometrical statistics
Sanitary management
They are appointed by the Ministry of Public Instruction and receive an annual salary of 3,000 francs. At present, there are 17 male teacher-doctors and 8 women doctors working in various high schools across the State and communes.
Health Supervision and Additional Support
The departmental and district doctors also take part in supervising the sanitary conditions of communal schools. Their role ensures that all school environments remain safe, clean, and healthy for students and teachers.
To help school directors manage their duties more effectively, the Ministry authorizes them to choose a few preceptors from among the teaching staff. These preceptors assist with administrative work and closely supervise the students’ conduct and general education.
Because of these additional responsibilities, preceptors have fewer teaching hours each week, allowing them to focus on maintaining good discipline and supporting students’ moral and academic development.
The Bulgarian education system placed strong emphasis on both academic quality and student welfare. Through careful appointment of teachers, introduction of medical supervision, and support from preceptors, the Ministry ensured that schools were well-managed and that students could learn in a healthy, safe, and disciplined environment.